Which of the following statements about the history of the Internet is true?

The statement regarding J.C.R. Licklider and ARPA is accurate and reflects a key development in the history of the Internet. J.C.R. Licklider played a pivotal role as an early visionary for what would eventually evolve into the Internet. His work emphasized the idea of connecting different computer networks to facilitate communication. Specifically, he envisioned a network where multiple universities could interconnect their computing resources, promoting collaboration and shared access to information. This idea laid the groundwork for ARPAnet, which indeed started as a network connecting various research institutions.

The other statements lack accuracy regarding key aspects of ARPAnet and the foundations of the Internet. Packet switching, for instance, is known for its ability to efficiently utilize networks by allowing data to be sent in small packets over various routes rather than relying on single circuits. ARPAnet was designed with some resilience in mind, rather than vulnerability, to withstand potential attacks while maintaining connectivity. Also, ARPAnet did not require all computers to be connected at once, rather it utilized a distributed approach that allowed different nodes to connect and communicate independently.